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HTML Basics - HTML Code

HTML code is being used since the early 1990s. The first standardized version of HTML was HTML 4.0, which came out in 1997. The latest standardized version of HTML code is XHTML and is recommended by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) since the year 2000.

Just like HTML or HTML 4.0, XHTML is a markup language, which also conforms to XML standards. Please visit Webmaster Seminar's XHTML tutorial or XML tutorial for more information.

If you are new to HTML I recommend you learn XHTML standards right from the start just as described in Webmaster Seminar's HTML tutorials, which conform with XHTML standards.

Document Character Encoding

When HTML documents are served there are three ways to tell the browser what specific character encoding is to be used for display to the reader.
First, HTTP headers can be sent by the web server along with each web page (HTML document). A typical HTTP header looks like this: 
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
For HTML (not usually XHTML), the other method is for the HTML document to include this information at its top, inside the HEAD element. 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
XHTML documents have a third option: to express the character encoding in the XML preamble, for example 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

For more information about HTML and XHTML character encodings visit W3C's character encodings.



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